Olive groves clean the air

The Tuscan VegPM research project has proven that certain species of olive trees can combat air pollution by particulate matter and improve air quality in urban environments.

According to the results of VegPM, a research project coordinated by the University of Florence, olives are among the tree species that can best contribute to air purification. In addition to olive trees, the research team found that laurel (Laurus nobilis), privet (Ligustrum), oleander (Nerium oleander), magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora) and cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) can also improve air quality. Solid particles are a mixture of solid and liquid particles – organic and inorganic. These particles disperse in the air and are very dangerous for human health. Road traffic is the main source of SP, but heating systems, waste disposal and agriculture can also cause an excess of SP. Particles are usually classified by their diameter into large (PM10), small (PM2.5) and ultrafine (PM0.2). The size of the particles determines how they affect the respiratory system and enter the bloodstream.

Prolonged exposure to PM10, in particular, can cause serious consequences such as cardiovascular and respiratory discomfort, chronic allergies and even premature mortality in children. Epidemiological studies have also shown that the proximity of busy roads is associated with chronic respiratory diseases in children and the elderly. In an urban environment, this harmful effect can be amplified by dangerous heavy metals caused by exposure to oils, tires, fuel, metal paints and waste.

Therefore, the development of practical mitigation measures is so important. The creation of effective "urban forests" in the Mediterranean from the above-mentioned trees is discussed. They can act as natural particulate filters, intercepting and retaining particles on the surface of their leaves. During the year of study, it turned out that olive trees, in particular, demonstrate a high ability to accumulate SP.